Diagnostic Imaging Gastrointestinal

Covering the entire spectrum of this fast-changing field, Diagnostic Imaging: Gastrointestinal, fourth edition, is an invaluable resource for gastrointestinal radiologists, general radiologists, and trainees-anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference on today’s GI imaging. Drs. Siva P. Raman, Atif Zaheer, and their team of highly regarded experts provide up-to-date information on recent advances in technology and the understanding of GI diseases and disorders to help you make informed decisions at the point of care. The text is lavishly illustrated, delineated, and referenced, making it a useful learning tool as well as a handy reference for daily practice

Zaheer & Raman

Table of Contents

Abdominal Manifestations of Systemic Conditions

Introduction and Overview

Imaging Approach to Abdominal Manifestations of Systemic Conditions

Infection

HIV/AIDS

Tuberculosis

Mononucleosis

Metabolic or Inherited

Cystic Fibrosis

Sickle Cell Anemia

Amyloidosis

Sarcoidosis

Vascular Disorders

Systemic Hypotension

Superior Vena Cava Obstruction

Vasculitis

Trauma

Foreign Bodies

Barotrauma

Transplantation

Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

Malignant Neoplasms

Leukemia and Lymphoma

Metastatic Melanoma

Kaposi Sarcoma

Treatment Response Assessment

Peritoneum, Mesentery, and Abdominal Wall

Introduction and Overview

Imaging Approach to the Peritoneum, Mesentery, and Abdominal Wall

Infection

Abdominal Abscess

Inflammation

Peritonitis

Sclerosing Mesenteritis

Degenerative

Ascites

Omental Infarct

External Hernias

Inguinal Hernia

Femoral Hernia

Obturator Hernia

Ventral Hernia

Spigelian Hernia

Lumbar Hernia

Umbilical Hernia

Internal Hernias

Paraduodenal Hernia

Transmesenteric Postoperative Hernia

Bochdalek Hernia

Morgagni Hernia

Vascular Disorders

Portal Hypertension and Varices

Abnormalities of Mesenteric Vasculature

Trauma

Traumatic Abdominal Wall Hernia

Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture

Treatment Related

Postoperative State, Abdomen

Abdominal Incision and Injection Sites

Peritoneal Inclusion Cyst

Benign Neoplasms

Lymphangioma (Mesenteric Cyst)

Desmoid

Malignant Neoplasms

Abdominal Mesothelioma

Peritoneal Metastases

Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Miscellaneous

Eventration and Paralysis of Diaphragm

Vicarious Excretion

Esophagus

Introduction and Overview

Imaging Approach to Esophagus

Infection

• Candida
• Esophagitis

   

   

   

  Viral Esophagitis

   

   

  Chagas Disease

   

  Inflammation

   

   

  Reflux Esophagitis

   

   

  Barrett Esophagus

   

   

  Caustic Esophagitis

   

   

  Drug-Induced Esophagitis

   

   

  Radiation Esophagitis

   

   

  Eosinophilic Esophagitis

   

   

  Epidermolysis and Pemphigoid

   

  Degenerative

   

   

  Esophageal Webs

   

   

  Cricopharyngeal Achalasia

   

   

  Esophageal Achalasia

   

   

  Esophageal Motility Disturbances

   

   

  Esophageal Scleroderma

   

   

  Schatzki Ring

   

   

  Hiatal Hernia

   

  Vascular Disorders

   

   

  Esophageal Varices

   

  Esophageal Diverticula

   

   

  Zenker Diverticulum

   

   

  Intramural Pseudodiverticulosis

   

   

  Traction Diverticulum

   

   

  Pulsion Diverticulum

   

  Trauma

   

   

  Esophageal Foreign Body

   

   

  Esophageal Perforation

   

   

  Boerhaave Syndrome

   

  Treatment Related

   

   

  Esophagectomy: Ivor Lewis and Other Procedures

   

  Benign Neoplasms

   

   

  Intramural Benign Esophageal Tumors

   

   

  Fibrovascular Polyp

   

   

  Esophageal Inflammatory Polyp

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Esophageal Carcinoma

   

   

  Esophageal Metastases and Lymphoma

  Stomach

   

  Introduction and Overview

   

   

  Imaging Approach to Stomach

   

  Congenital

   

   

  Gastric Diverticulum

   

  Inflammation

   

   

  Gastritis

   

   

  Gastric Ulcer

   

   

  Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

   

   

  Ménétrier Disease

   

   

  Caustic Gastroduodenal Injury

   

  Degenerative

   

   

  Gastroparesis

   

   

  Gastric Bezoar

   

   

  Gastric Volvulus

   

  Treatment Related

   

   

  Iatrogenic Injury: Feeding Tubes

   

   

  Partial Gastrectomy: Billroth Procedures

   

   

  Fundoplication Complications

   

   

  Imaging of Bariatric Surgery

   

  Benign Neoplasms

   

   

  Gastric Polyps

   

   

  Intramural Benign Gastric Tumors

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor (GIST)

   

   

  Gastric Carcinoma

   

   

  Gastric Metastases and Lymphoma

  Duodenum

   

  Introduction and Overview

   

   

  Imaging Approach to Duodenum

   

  Normal Variants and Artifacts

   

   

  Duodenal Flexure Pseudotumor

   

   

  Prominent Duodenal Ampulla Mimicking Mass

   

  Congenital

   

   

  Duodenal Diverticulum

   

  Inflammation

   

   

  Duodenitis

   

   

  Duodenal Ulcer

   

   

  Brunner Gland Hyperplasia

   

  Vascular Disorders

   

   

  SMA Syndrome

   

  Trauma

   

   

  Gastroduodenal Trauma

   

  Treatment Related

   

   

  Aortoenteric Fistula

   

  Benign Neoplasms

   

   

  Duodenal Polyps

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Duodenal Carcinoma

   

   

  Duodenal Metastases and Lymphoma

  Small Intestine

   

  Introduction and Overview

   

   

  Imaging Approach to Small Intestine

   

  Congenital

   

   

  Malrotation

   

   

  Duplication Cyst

   

   

  Small Bowel Diverticula

   

   

  Meckel Diverticulum

   

  Infection

   

   

  Mesenteric Adenitis and Enteritis

   

   

  Intestinal Parasites and Infestation

   

   

  Opportunistic Intestinal Infections

   

  Inflammation

   

   

  Celiac-Sprue Disease

   

   

  Whipple Disease

   

   

  Mastocytosis

   

   

  Crohn Disease

   

   

  Intestinal Scleroderma

   

   

  Intestinal (Angioneurotic) Angioedema

   

   

  Small Bowel NSAID Stricture

   

  Metabolic or Inherited

   

   

  Intestinal Lymphangiectasia

   

  Degenerative

   

   

  Ileus

   

   

  Small Bowel Obstruction

   

   

  Pneumatosis of Intestine

   

   

  Intussusception

   

   

  Malabsorption Conditions

   

   

  Gallstone Ileus

   

   

  Enteric Fistulas and Sinus Tracts

   

  Vascular Disorders

   

   

  Ischemic Enteritis

   

  Trauma

   

   

  Mesenteric and Small Bowel Trauma

   

  Treatment Related

   

   

  Postoperative State, Bowel

   

   

  Radiation Enteritis and Colitis

   

  Transplantation

   

   

  Small Intestine Transplantation

   

  Benign Neoplasms

   

   

  Intramural (Mesenchymal) Intestinal Tumors

   

   

  Ileocecal Valve Lipoma and Lipomatous Infiltration

   

   

  Hamartomatous Polyposis Syndromes

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Carcinoid Tumor

   

   

  Small Bowel Carcinoma

   

   

  Intestinal Metastases and Lymphoma

   

   

  Intestinal GIST

  Colon

   

   

  Introduction and Overview

   

   

  Imaging Approach to Colon

   

  Infection

   

   

  Infectious Colitis

   

   

  Neutropenic Colitis (Typhlitis)

   

  Inflammation and Ischemia

   

   

  Ulcerative Colitis

   

   

  Toxic Megacolon

   

   

  Ischemic Colitis

   

   

  Appendicitis

   

   

  Mucocele of Appendix

   

   

  Colonic Diverticulosis

   

   

  Diverticulitis

   

   

  Epiploic Appendagitis

   

  Degenerative

   

   

  Sigmoid Volvulus

   

   

  Cecal Volvulus

   

   

  Colonic Ileus and Ogilvie Syndrome

   

   

  Fecal Impaction and Stercoral Ulceration

   

   

  Rectal Prolapse and Intussusception

   

  Trauma

   

   

  Colorectal Trauma

   

  Benign Neoplasms

   

   

  Tailgut Cyst

   

   

  Colonic Polyps

   

   

  Villous Adenoma

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Colon Carcinoma

   

   

  Rectal Carcinoma

   

   

  Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

   

   

  Appendiceal Tumors

   

   

  Colonic Metastases and Lymphoma

  Spleen

   

  Introduction and Overview

   

   

  Imaging Approach to Spleen

   

  Normal Variants and Artifacts

   

   

  Accessory Spleen

   

  Congenital

   

   

  Asplenia and Polysplenia

   

  Infection

   

   

  Splenic Infection and Abscess

   

  Degenerative

   

   

  Splenomegaly and Hypersplenism

   

  Vascular Disorders

   

   

  Splenic Infarction

   

  Trauma

   

   

  Splenic Trauma

   

   

  Splenosis

   

  Benign Neoplasms

   

   

  Splenic Cyst

   

   

  Primary Splenic Tumors

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Splenic Metastases and Lymphoma

  Liver

   

   

  Introduction and Overview

   

   

  Imaging Approach to Liver

   

  Congenital

   

   

  Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis

   

   

  AD Polycystic Liver Disease

   

   

  Variant Vascular and Biliary Anatomy of Liver

   

  Infection

   

   

  Hepatic Pyogenic Abscess

   

   

  Hepatic TB and Fungal Infections

   

   

  Hepatic Amebic Abscess

   

   

  Hepatic Hydatid Cyst

   

   

  Hepatic Schistosomiasis

   

   

  Viral Hepatitis

   

  Inflammation

   

   

  Alcoholic Liver Disease

   

   

  Autoimmune Hepatitis

   

   

  Steatosis and Steatohepatitis

   

   

  Hepatic Injury From Toxins

   

   

  Cirrhosis

   

   

  Primary Biliary Cholangitis

   

   

  Focal Confluent Fibrosis

   

   

  Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia

   

   

  Regenerative and Dysplastic Nodules

   

   

  Solitary Necrotic Nodule

   

   

  Peribiliary Cysts

   

  Metabolic or Inherited

   

   

  Glycogen Storage Disease

   

   

  Hemochromatosis

   

   

  Wilson Disease

   

  Degenerative

   

   

  Hepatomegaly

   

  Vascular Disorders

   

   

  Transient Hepatic Attenuation or Intensity Difference (THADs and THIDs)

   

   

  Arterioportal Shunt

   

   

  Portal Vein Occlusion

   

   

  Passive Hepatic Congestion

   

   

  Budd-Chiari Syndrome

   

   

  Venoocclusive Disease

   

   

  Hepatic Infarction

   

   

  Peliosis Hepatis

   

   

  Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

   

   

  HELLP Syndrome

   

  Trauma

   

   

  Hepatic Trauma

   

  Treatment Related

   

   

  Radiation-Induced Liver Disease

   

   

  Postoperative Changes, Liver

   

   

  Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS)

   

   

  Hepatic Transplantation

   

  Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions

   

   

  Hepatic Cyst

   

   

  Hepatic Cavernous Hemangioma

   

   

  Focal Nodular Hyperplasia

   

   

  Hepatic Adenoma

   

   

  Biliary Hamartoma

   

   

  Hepatic Angiomyolipoma

   

   

  Hepatic Inflammatory Pseudotumor

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Hepatocellular Carcinoma

   

   

  Fibrolamellar Carcinoma

   

   

  Peripheral (Intrahepatic) Cholangiocarcinoma

   

   

  Epithelioid Hemangioendothelioma

   

   

  Biliary Cystadenocarcinoma

   

   

  Hepatic Angiosarcoma

   

   

  Undifferentiated Sarcoma

   

   

  Hepatic Metastases and Lymphoma

  Biliary System

   

  Introduction and Overview

   

   

  Imaging Approach to Biliary System

   

  Normal Variants and Artifacts

   

   

  Biliary Normal Variants and Artifacts

   

  Congenital

   

   

  Congenital Abnormalities of Gallbladder

   

   

  Caroli Disease

   

   

  Choledochal Cyst

   

  Infection

   

   

  Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis

   

   

  Ascending Cholangitis

   

   

  Pancreatobiliary Parasites

   

   

  AIDS Cholangiopathy

   

   

  Gallbladder Hydrops and Empyema

   

  Inflammation

   

   

  Gallstones and Sludge

   

   

  Acute Calculous Cholecystitis

   

   

  Acalculous Cholecystitis

   

   

  Xanthogranulomatous Cholecystitis

   

   

  Emphysematous Cholecystitis

   

   

  Mirizzi Syndrome

   

   

  Hyperplastic Cholecystoses

   

   

  Porcelain Gallbladder

   

   

  Milk of Calcium Bile

   

   

  Autoimmune (IgG4) Cholangitis

   

   

  Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

   

  Degenerative

   

   

  Biloma

   

  Vascular Disorders

   

   

  Ischemic Bile Duct Injury

   

  Trauma

   

   

  Biliary Trauma

   

  Treatment Related

   

   

  Chemotherapy-Induced Cholangitis

   

  Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions

   

   

  Gallbladder Polyps

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Gallbladder Carcinoma

   

   

  Ampullary Carcinoma

   

   

  Biliary Metastases and Lymphoma

   

   

  Biliary Papillomatosis

   

   

  Biliary IPMN

  Pancreas

   

  Introduction and Overview

   

   

  Imaging Approach to Pancreas

   

  Congenital

   

   

  Agenesis of Dorsal Pancreas

   

   

  Annular Pancreas

   

   

  Pancreas Divisum

   

   

  Asymmetric Fatty Lobulation of Pancreas

   

   

  Ectopic Pancreatic Tissue

   

  Inflammation

   

   

  Acute Pancreatitis and Complications

   

   

  Chronic Pancreatitis

   

   

  Groove Pancreatitis

   

   

  Autoimmune (IgG4) Pancreatitis

   

  Degenerative

   

   

  Pancreatic Lipomatous Pseudohypertrophy

   

  Trauma

   

   

  Pancreatic Trauma

   

  Treatment Related

   

   

  Postoperative Pancreas

   

   

  Pancreatic Transplantation

   

  Benign Neoplasms and Tumor-Like Conditions

   

   

  Pancreatic Serous Cystadenoma

   

   

  Nonneoplastic Pancreatic Cysts

   

  Malignant Neoplasms

   

   

  Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma

   

   

  Mucinous Cystic Pancreatic Tumor

   

   

  Pancreatic IPMN

   

   

  Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

   

   

  Pancreatic Solid and Pseudopapillary Neoplasm

   

   

  Pancreatic Metastases and Lymphoma

   

   

  Atypical and Rare Pancreatic Tumors