Irwin and Rippes Intensive Care Medicine

Selected as a Doody’s Core Title for 2023! Covering both the theoretical and practical aspects of critical care,Irwin & Rippe’s Intensive Care Medicine, Ninth Edition, provides state-of-the-art, evidence-based knowledge for specialty physicians and non-physicians practicing in the adult intensive care environment. Drs. Craig M. Lilly, Walter A. Boyle, and Richard S. Irwin, along with a team of expert contributing authors and education expert, William F. Kelly, offer authoritative, comprehensive guidance from an interprofessional, collaborative, educational, and scholarly perspective, encompassing all adult critical care specialties. Provides easy access to evidence-based critical care practice Offers a practical, clinically oriented approach to intensive care, with detailed descriptions of procedures, incorporating new ultrasound and how-to videos that can easily be accessed in the eBook Key points are identified at the beginning of each chapter and in the margins of the text Key references chosen by the author experts are highlighted at the end of each chapter Available even during network downtime A key educational tool for learning critical care Comprehensive coverage of topics in the field of critical care, including current information provided in 215 chapters authored by well-recognized experts In-depth, comprehensive coverage that allows key skill acquisition Useful resource for board preparation New multiple-choice questions with annotated answers accompany each chapter in the eBook Brings new expertise with senior editor Dr. Walter A. Boyle and online question editor William F. Kelly Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech

Section Editors vi
Contributing Authors viii
Preface xxxi
Acknowledgments xxxii
Section 1 PROCEDURES, TECHNIQUES AND ULTRASONOGRAPHY
Stephen O. Heard and Michael Hill
Chapt er 1 Point- of- Care Critical Care Ultrasonography 1
Paul H. Mayo, Seth J. Koenig, and Gisela I. Banauch
Chapt er 2 Anesthesia for Bedside Procedures 4
Greg ory J . Mitc hon and Mar k Der shwitz
Chapt er 3 Management of Pain in the Critically Ill 11
Alexandr a Chang and Mario De Pinto
Chapt er 4 Therapeutic Paralysis 22
Khaldoun F aris
Chapt er 5 Cerebrospinal Fluid Aspiration 29
Marcey Osgood, Gisela I. Banauch, and Paul H. Mayo
Chapt er 6 Central Venous Catheters 38
Or Bruck, Scott E. Kopec, and Craig M. Lilly
Chapt er 7 Arterial Line Placement and Care 54
Siddhartha S. Narayanan, Scott E. Kopec, and Michael Hill
Chapt er 8 Airway Management and Endotracheal Intubation 64
J . Aaron Scott, J . Matthias W alz, and Stephen O . Heard
Chapt er 9 Tracheostomy 82
Christine L. Bielick Kotkowsk, Scott E. Kopec, Rahul N. Sood, Paul H. Mayo,
and Seth J . K oenig
Chapt er 10 Bronchoscopy 91
Rahul N. Sood, Marie Mullen, Paulo J. Oliveira, and Richard S. Irwin
Chapt er 11 Lung Ultrasonography 97
Fiore Mastroianni, Andrew G. W eber , and P aul H. Ma y o
Chapt er 12 Thoracentesis 102
Gisela I. Banauch, Seth J. Koenig, Paul H. Mayo, Mark M. Wilson,
Richard S. Irwin, and Craig M. Lilly
Chapt er 13 Chest Tube Insertion and Care 111
Ulises T orres, R y an J . Hendrix, and Seth J . K oenig
Contents
VOLUME 1Chapter 14 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation 119
Viral Patel and Michael Hill
Chapter 15 Cardioversion and Defibrillation 135
Glenn T. Stokken and Mark Link
Chapter 16 Critical Care Echocardiography 140
Zubair Hasan, Paul H. Mayo, and Craig M. Lilly
Chapter 17 Pericardiocentesis 146
Patrick J. Abt, Ruo Chen, Seth J. Koenig, and Craig S. Smith
Chapter 18 Temporary Cardiac Pacing 155
Glenn T. Stokken and Basel Edris
Chapter 19 Pulmonary Artery Catheters 161
Catherine M. Kuza and Harvey S. Reich
Chapter 20 Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 176
Christopher A. Marshall
Chapter 21 Endoscopic Placement of Feeding Tubes 183
Lena M. Napolitano, Paul H. Mayo, and Seth J. Koenig
Chapter 22 Gastroesophageal Balloon Tamponade for Acute Variceal
Hemorrhage 190
Robert Canelli, Hamza Durrani, and Marie T. Pavini
Chapter 23 Paracentesis and Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage 195
Lena M. Napolitano, Paul H. Mayo, Seth J. Koenig, and Marisa Smith
Chapter 24 Interventional Radiology: Percutaneous Drainage Techniques 204
Alex Newbury and Aaron L. Harman
Chapter 25 Percutaneous Suprapubic Cystostomy 212
Philip J. Ayvazian
Chapter 26 Aspiration of the Knee and Synovial Fluid Analysis 216
Yevgeniy Popov, Deborah M. Demarco, Karen Salomon- Escoto,
and Francisco De La Serna
Section 2 MINIMALLY INVASIVE MONITORING
Todd W . Sarge
Chapter 27 Routine Monitoring of Critically Ill Patients 222
Matthew R. Stutz and Krysta S. Wolfe
Chapter 28 Minimally Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring 236
Nihar Shah, Brad Petkovich, Atul Malhotra, and Andrew J. Goodwin
Chapter 29 Respiratory Monitoring During Mechanical Ventilation 248
Alison Trainor, Leonid Rabkin, Todd W . Sarge , and Elias Baedorf Kassis
Chapter 30 Neurologic Multimodal Monitoring 261
Raphael A. Carandang and Wiley R. Hall
Chapter 31 Role of Tele- Critical Care in the Health Care System 279
David W . Guidry, William Beninati, Lloyd Meeks, Shahzad Shaefi, and Craig M. Lilly
Section 3 PALLIATIVE CARE AND ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Jennifer Reidy
Chapter 32 Palliative Care in the ICU 288
Dana Lustbader, Mangala Narasimhan, Nandita R. Nadig, and Dee W. FordChapter 34 Managing Symptoms in Critically Ill Patients 308
Jennifer Reidy, Elizabeth Manzo, and Richard Castriotta
Chapter 35 Being With Suffering: Addressing Existential and Spiritual Distress 321
Margaret Isaac, Suzana K. E. Makowski, and Christina Fitch
Section 4 SHOCK, TRAUMA AND SEPSIS MANAGEMENT
Jon D. Dorfman
Chapter 36 Resuscitation From Shock Following Hemorrhage 328
Jacob A. Quick, Alison A. Smith, Donald H. Jenkins, John B. Holcomb,
Stephen L. Barnes, and Seth J. Koenig
Chapter 37 Trauma Systems 341
Vishnu Mani, Ioana Antonescu, and Suresh Mitu Agarwal
Chapter 38 Management of Sepsis 347
Ioana Antonescu, Vishnu Mani, and Suresh Mitu Agarwal
Chapter 39 Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome 358
Andrew C. Bernard and Timothy A. Pritts
Chapter 40 Traumatic Brain Injury 363
Raphael A. Carandang and Wiley R. Hall
Chapter 41 Spinal Cord Trauma 371
Ryan M. Schiedo, Hanbing Zhou, and Christian P. Dipaola
Chapter 42 Thoracic and Cardiac Trauma 381
Bruce J. Simon, Scott B. Johnson, and John G. Myers
Chapter 43 Critical Care of the Patient With Abdominal Trauma 394
Jon D. Dorfman
Chapter 44 Orthopedic Injury 402
Sravya T. Challa, Vivek Venugopal, and John J. Wixted
Chapter 45 Burn Management 417
Naveen F. Sangji, Sean Figy, Joyce K. Mcintyre, and Mark R. Hemmila
Section 5 SURGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Jennifer LaFemina
Chapter 46 Surgeon and Intensivist Collaboration in the Care of
the ICU Patient 423
Gustavo G. Angaramo, Bushra Abdul Aleem, and Craig M. Lilly
Chapter 47 Surgical Infections in the Intensive Care Unit 427
Suraj Panjwani, Ann- Kristin U. Friedrich, and Mitchell Cahan
Chapter 48 Care of the Patient with Necrotizing Fasciitis 430
Bankole Samuel, Chloe H. Williams, Brandon Colvin, and Hongyi Cui
Chapter 49 The ICU Management of Patients Undergoing Major Surgery for
Gastrointestinal Cancers 435
Kate H. Dinh, Ricardo J. Bello, and Jennifer Lafemina
Chapter 50 The ICU Approach to the Acute Abdomen 440
James E. Carroll Jr and Nicole B. Cherng
Chapter 51 Abdominal Compartment Syndrome 444
Jon D. Dorfman and Clark R. MurrayChapter 52 Management of the Obstetrical Patient in the Intensive
Care Setting 448
Anne Garrison
Chapter 53 Acute Limb Ischemia in the ICU Population 454
Dejah R. Judelson, Bing Shue, and William P. Robinson III
Chapter 54 Palliative Surgery in the Intensive Care Unit 459
Laura A. Lambert and Sarah Childs
Section 6 TRANSPLANTATION
Stephanie M. Levine
Chapter 55 Management of the Organ Donor 467
Christoph Troppmann
Chapter 56 Critical Care Problems in Kidney Recipients 491
Elizabeth L. Godfrey, Abbas A. Rana, and Rainer W.G. Gruessner
Chapter 57 Critical Care of Liver Transplant Recipients and
Live Liver Donors 501
Han Li, Paulo N. Martins, Nicole M. Theodoropoulos, and Babak Movahedi
Chapter 58 Critical Care of the Lung Transplant Recipient 515
Jake G. Natalini, Luis F. Angel, and Stephanie M. Levine
Chapter 59 Critical Care Problems in Heart and Heart- Lung
Transplant Recipients 530
Matthew Soule, Rishav Aggarwal, and Sara J. Shumway
Chapter 60 Care of the Pancreas Transplant Recipient 538
Colleen L. Jay, Robert J. Stratta, Alan Farney, Jeffrey Rogers,
and Giuseppe Orlando
Chapter 61 Critical Care of Intestinal Transplant Recipients 553
Robert M. Esterl Jr, Ruy J. Cruz Jr, and Abhinav Humar
Chapter 62 Immunosuppression in Solid- Organ Transplantation 562
Hasan Al- Harakeh, Bishoy Emmanuel, Sundaram Hariharan,
Abhinav Humar, and Martin N. Wijkstrom
Chapter 63 Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation 569
Ann E. Woolfrey, Masumi Ueda Oshima, Marco Mielcarek,
and Paul A. Carpenter
Chapter 64 Management of Graft- vs- Host Disease, Infection, Malignancy,
and Rejection in Transplant Recipients 586
Elizabeth L. Godfrey, Adrish Anand, Vaughn E. Whittaker, Abbas A. Rana,
David L. Dunn, and Rainer W. G. Gruessner
Section 7 RHEUMATOLOGIC, IMMUNOLOGIC, AND DERMATOLOGIC DISEASES IN
THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Paul F. Dellaripa
Chapter 65 Rheumatologic Diseases in the Intensive Care Unit 606
Elena Gkrouzman and Nancy Y. N. Liu
Chapter 66 Vasculitis in the Intensive Care Unit 631
Paul F. Dellaripa and Donough HowardChapter 67 Therapeutics in Immune- Mediated Rheumatic Diseases 639
Ilirjana Duka and Peggy Wu
Chapter 68 Anaphylaxis 648
Priya Katari and Frederic F. Little
Chapter 69 Dermatology in the Intensive Care Unit 661
Bina Kassamali, Nathaniel Goldman, Kristen G. Berrebi, Dori Goldberg,
Mary E. Maloney, and Avery H. Lachance
Section 8 INFECTIOUS DISEASE PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Nicole M. Theodoropoulos
Chapter 70 Approach to Fever for the ICU Patient 683
Raul E. Davaro and Richard H. Glew
Chapter 71 Prevention and Control of Health Care–Acquired Infections
in the Intensive Care Unit 690
Sumanth Gandra and Richard T. Ellison III
Chapter 72 Use of Antimicrobials in the Treatment of Infection in the
Critically Ill Patient 697
Mohmmad Hajjiri, Richard H. Glew, and Jennifer S. Daly
Chapter 73 Lif e- Thr eat ening Comm unity- Acquir ed Bact er ial
and Parasitic Infections 713
Samuel L. Windham and Misha Huang
Chapter 74 Acute Infection in the Non–HIV- Infected
Immunocompromised Host 722
Nicole M. Theodoropoulos, Robert W. Finberg, and Jennifer S. Daly
Chapter 75 Intensive Care of Patients With HIV Infection 732
Thomas C. Greenough and Juan M. Perez Velazquez
Chapter 76 Infectious Complications of Persons Who Inject Drugs 740
Muhammad Dhanani and Kinna Thakarar
Chapter 77 Infective Endocarditis and Infections of Intracardiac
Prosthetic Devices 746
John Raymond Go, Larry M. Baddour, and Raj Palraj
Chapter 78 Infections Associated With Vascular Catheters 768
Payal K. Patel and Suzanne F. Bradley
Chapter 79 Urinary Tract Infections 775
Aalok V. Khole and George M. Abraham
Chapter 80 Central Nervous System Infections 785
Michael Haden and Shandra R. Day
Chapter 81 Tuberculosis 796
Michelle K. Haas and Robert W. Belknap
Chapter 82 Serious Epidemic Viral Pneumonias 804
Hannah Nam, Christopher M. Coleman, Daniel Libraty, and Michael Ison
Chapter 83 COVID- 19: Presentation, Treatment, and Course of Severe
Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in
the Intensive Care Unit 815
Magdalena Slosar- Cheah and Robert W. Finberg
†
Chapter 84 Critical Care of Patients Infected With Ebola Virus 822
Steven HatchChapter 85 Botulism 826
David M. Bebinger and Richard T. Ellison III
Chapter 86 Tetanus 829
Mary Dawn T. Co and Richard T. Ellison III
Section 9 HEMATOLOGIC AND ONCOLOGIC PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Jonathan Gerber
Chapter 87 Disorders of Hemostasis in Critically Ill Patients 832
Shrinkhala Khanna, Kathleen Sargent, and Alice D. Ma
Chapter 88 Transfusion Therapy: Blood Components and Transfusion
Complications 848
Yong (David) Zhao, Terry B. Gernsheimer, and Vishesh Chhibber
Chapter 89 Anemia in the Critical Care Setting 856
Carol M. Mathew, Marc S. Zumberg, and Marc J. Kahn
Chapter 90 Thrombocytopenia 871
Thomas G. Deloughery
Chapter 91 Venous Thromboembolism and Associated Prothrombotic
Disorders in the Intensive Care Unit 882
Kathryn A. F. Kline and Jennie Y. Law
Chapter 92 Antithrombotic Pharmacotherapy 906
Kevin E. Anger, Jeremy R. Degrado, and John Fanikos
Chapter 93 Critical Care of Patients with Hematologic Malignancies 928
Matthew J. Wieduwilt and Lloyd E. Damon
Chapter 94 Oncologic Emergencies 940
Shyam A. Patel, Andrew Gillis- Smith, and Sakiko Suzuki
Chapter 95 Therapeutic Apheresis: Technical Considerations and
Indications in Critical Care 952
Laura S. Connelly- Smith
Section 10 PHARMACOLOGY, OVERDOSES AND POISONINGS
Luke Yip and Mark J. Neavyn
Chapter 96 General Considerations in the Evaluation
and Treatment of Poisoning 964
Morgan A. A. Riggan, Major Colin Laverty, and Ian M. Ball
Chapter 97 Acetaminophen Poisoning 981
Steven B. Bird
Chapter 98 Alcohols and Glycol Poisoning 989
Jennifer L. Englund and Marco L. A. Sivilotti
Chapter 99 Amphetamines 1004
Michael C. Beuhler
Chapter 100 Antiarrhythmic Agents 1011
Steven B. Bird and Brian L. Mcquaide
Chapter 101 Anticholinergic Poisoning 1021
Keith K. Burkhart
Chapter 102 Anticonvulsant Poisoning 1024
Steven B. Bird and Mark D. Newcomb JrChapter 103 Antidepressant Poisoning 1033
Varun Vohra, Cynthia Aaron, and Mark J. Neavyn
Chapter 104 Antipsychotic Poisoning 1045
Steven B. Bird
Chapter 105 ß- Bloc k er P oisoning 1056
Shan Yin and Javier C. Waksman
Chapter 106 Calcium Channel Blocker Poisoning 1060
Christopher R. Dewitt and Maude St- Onge
Chapter 107 Cardiac Glycoside Poisoning 1067
Brian G. Lewis and Bryan S. Judge
Chapter 108 Cholinergic Poisoning 1071
Brandtly Yakey, Andrew King, and Cynthia Aaron
Chapter 109 Cocaine Poisoning 1077
Richard D. Shih and Judd E. Hollander
Chapter 110 Corrosives Poisoning 1083
Kennon Heard
Chapter 111 Heavy Metal Poisoning 1088
Laurie Seidel Halmo and Luke Yip
Chapter 112 Hydrocarbon Poisoning 1102
William J. Lewander and Alfred Aleguas
Chapter 113 Hydrofluoric Acid Poisoning 1108
Kennon Heard
Chapter 114 Iron Poisoning 1110
Milton Tenenbein
Chapter 115 Isoniazid Poisoning 1115
James B. Mowry, Greene Shepherd, and Adam G. Overberg
Chapter 116 Lithium Poisoning 1119
Thanjira Jiranantakan and Kent R. Olson
Chapter 117 Methylxanthine Poisoning 1124
Janetta L Iwanicki
Chapter 118 Opioid Poisoning 1131
Stephanie T. Weiss and Luke Yip
Chapter 119 P esticide- Herbicide P oisoning 1140
William K. Chiang and Richard Y. Wang
Chapter 120 Phencyclidine and Hallucinogen Poisoning 1154
Jennie A. Buchanan and Luke Yip
Chapter 121 Salicylate and Other Nonsteroidal Anti- inflammatory
Drug Poisoning 1161
Henry D. Swoboda and Marco L. A. Sivilotti
Chapter 122 Sedativ e- Hypnotic Agent P oisoning 1169
Andis Graudins and Dino Druda
Chapter 123 Terrestrial Envenomations 1177
Dalia Alwasiyah and Michael C. Beuhler
Chapter 124 Therapeutic Agents for Overdoses and Poisonings 1190
Laurie Seidel Halmo, Susan E. Gorman, Jerry D. Thomas, and Luke Yip
Chapter 125 Withdrawal Syndromes 1210Section 11 CRITICAL CARE CONSEQUENCES OF WEAPONS (AGENTS) OF MASS DESTRUCTION
Lawrence C. Mohr
Chapter 126 Planning and Organization for Emergency Mass Critical Care 1222
Ryan C. Maves and Mary A. King
Chapter 127 Chemical Agents of Mass Destruction 1229
James Geiling, Randy S. Wax, and Lawrence C. Mohr
Chapter 128 The Management of Acute Radiation Casualties 1239
Riyaa M. Rekha, Arvind K. Sundaram, Mary Jane Reed, John Scott Parrish,
James Geiling, and Lawrence C. Mohr
Chapter 129 Critical Care Consequences of Weapons (or Agents) of Mass
Destruction—Biological Agents of Mass Destruction 1249
Ryan C. Maves, Bhavita J. Gaglani, Charles G. Volk, and Konrad L. Davis
Section 12 ICU DESIGN, ORGANIZATION, OPERATION AND OUTCOME MEASURES
Neil A. Halpern
Chapter 130 Intensive Care Unit Design: Current Standards and
Future Trends 1273
Neil A. Halpern, Lilly A. Bothwell, and Diana C. Anderson
Chapter 131 Intensive Care Unit Organization and Management 1285
Mark A. Tidswell, Bogdan Tiru, and Thomas L. Higgins
Chapter 132 Critical Care Information Systems (Systems of Engagement
and Insight): Structure, Function, and Future 1295
Joseph J. Frassica and Vitaly Herasevich
Chapter 133 Defining and Measuring Patient Safety in the Critical Care Unit 1305
Sahil Kumar Virdi, Hayley B. Gershengorn, Steven Y. Chang, David E. Ost,
Kelly L. Cervellione, and Alan M. Fein
Chapter 134 Assessing the Impact of Critical Care: Outcomes Research
and Methodologies in the Current Era 1314
Anica C. Law, May Hua, Nandita R. Nadig, and Kelly C. Vranas
Chapter 135 Blockchain Technology and Medical Device Security in
the Intensive Care Unit 1325
Chris Landon, Ted Dellavecchia, John R. Zaleski, and Neil A. Halpern
Section 13 ENDOCRINE PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Neil Aronin and David M. Harlan
Chapter 136 Management of Hyperglycemia in Critically Ill Patients 1330
Asem H. Ali, Vrushali H. Shah, David M. Harlan, and Leslie J. Domalik
Chapter 137 Diabetic Comas: Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar
Hyperglycemic State 1338
Leslie J. Domalik, Vrushali H. Shah, David M Harlan, and Asem H. Ali
Chapter 138 Hypoglycemia 1350
John P. Mordes, Michael J. Thompson, David M. Harlan, and Samir Malkani
VOLUME 2Chapter 139 Hypoadrenal Crisis and the Stress Management of
the Patient on Chronic Steroid Therapy 1365
Eyad Hamoudeh and Neil Aronin
Chapter 140 Disorders of Mineral Metabolism 1368
Seth M. Arum and Gabriela Szabo
Chapter 141 Severe Hyperthyroidism 1375
Marjorie S. Safran
Chapter 142 Myxedema Coma 1378
Mira Sofia Torres, Charles H. Emerson, and Craig M. Lilly
Chapter 143 Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome (Sick Euthyroid Syndrome)
in the Intensive Care Unit 1382
Shirin Haddady and Alan P. Farwell
Section 14 NEUROLOGIC PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Wiley R. Hall
Chapter 144 An Approach to Neurologic Problems in
the Intensive Care Unit 1397
Wiley R. Hall
Chapter 145 Evaluating the Patient With Altered Consciousness in the
Intensive Care Unit 1400
Raphael A. Carandang and Lawrence J. Hayward
Chapter 146 Metabolic Encephalopathy 1416
Alaaedin Alhomosh
Chapter 147 Mental Status Dysfunction in the Intensive Care Unit:
Postoperative Cognitive Impairment 1424
Andrew M. Galica, Elizabeth R. Degrush, and Joan M. Swearer
Chapter 148 Generalized Anoxia/Ischemia of the Nervous System 1429
Banu Sundar and Majaz Moonis
Chapter 149 Cerebrovascular Diseases 1432
Richard P. Goddeau Jr and Majaz Moonis
Chapter 150 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage 1443
Alaaedin Alhomosh
Chapter 151 Status Epilepticus 1449
Kyle C. Rossi and Felicia C. Chu
Chapter 152 Guillain- Barr é Syndr ome 1457
Isabelita R. Bella and David A. Chad
Chapter 153 Myasthenia Gravis in the Intensive Care Unit 1467
Isabelita R. Bella and Lan Qin
Chapter 154 Newly Acquired Weakness in the Intensive Care Unit:
Critical Illness Myopathy and Neuropathy 1475
Mehdi Ghasemi and David A. Chad
Chapter 155 Neuro- oncological Problems in the Intensive Care Unit 1479
N. Scott Litofsky and Kia Ghiassi
Chapter 156 Miscellaneous Neurological Problems in the Intensive
Care Unit 1491
Max Ruben MandelbaumSection 15 PSYCHIATRIC ISSUES IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Patrick Smallwood
Chapter 157 Diagnosis and Treatment of Agitation and Delirium in
the Intensive Care Unit Patient 1499
Curtis A. Mcknight and Jason P. Caplan
Chapter 158 Diagnosis and Treatment of Anxiety in the Intensive
Care Unit Patient 1508
Shelley A. Holmer and Robert M. Tighe
Chapter 159 Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression in the Intensive
Care Unit Patient 1516
Cezar I. Cimpeanu, Meghan S. Kolodziej, and Theodore A. Stern
Chapter 160 Managing the Suicidal Patient in the Intensive Care Unit 1534
Christina N. Massey and Saori A. Murakami
Chapter 161 Problematic Behaviors of Patients, Family, and Staff in the
Intensive Care Unit 1537
Craigan Usher
Chapter 162 Recognition and Management of Staff Stress in the
Intensive Care Unit 1543
Guy Maytal
Section 16 PULMONARY PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
J. Mark Madison
Chapter 163 Acute Respiratory Failure Due to Acute Respiratory Distress
Syndrome and Pulmonary Edema 1548
Maryellen C. Antkowiak and Gilman B. Allen
Chapter 164 Acute Respiratory Failure in Pregnancy 1566
Felicia Chen and Christine Campbell- Reardon
Chapter 165 Extrapulmonary Causes of Respiratory Failure 1582
Mark M. Wilson and Richard S. Irwin
Chapter 166 Invasive Mechanical Ventilation and Extracorporeal Life
support for Respiratory Failure 1593
Rolando Sanchez and Gregory A. Schmidt
Chapter 167 Mechanical Ventilation—Part II: Noninvasive Mechanical
Ventilation for the Adult Hospitalized Patient 1611
Anas A. Ahmed and Nicholas S. Hill
Chapter 168 Discontinuation of Mechanical Ventilation 1629
Nicholas A. Smyrnios and Richard S. Irwin
Chapter 169 Respiratory Adjunctive Therapies 1639
Christine L. Bielick Kotkowski, Scott E. Kopec, and Richard S. Irwin
Chapter 170 Aspiration 1654
Natasha Dudiki, Kimberly A. Robinson, and Richard S. Irwin
Chapter 171 Drowning 1660
Nicholas A. Smyrnios and Richard S. Irwin
Chapter 172 Acute Exacerbation of Asthma 1666
Kathryn Waksmundzki- Silva, Richard S. Irwin, and J. Mark MadisonChapter 173 Critical Care of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive
Pulmonary Disease 1679
Shameek Gayen, Mark Weir, and Gerard J. Criner
Chapter 174 Pulmonary Hypertension in the Intensive Care Unit 1687
Kimberly A. Fisher, Jonathan D. Holdorf, and Harrison W. Farber
Chapter 175 Managing Hemoptysis 1694
Paulo J. Oliveira, Shahzad W. Khan, and Richard S. Irwin
Chapter 176 Pleural Diseases of the Critically Ill Patient 1704
John Terrill Huggins, Amit Chopra, and Peter Doelken
Chapter 177 Gas Embolism Syndromes 1720
Kyle T. Halligan and Mark M. Wilson
Chapter 178 Acute Inhalational Injuries 1733
Anna Nolan, Sophia Kwon, Michael D. Weiden, Lawrence C. Mohr,
and David J. Prezant
Chapter 179 Chest Radiographic Examination 1750
Carole A. Ridge, Nidhish Jeyin, Benedikt H. Heidinger,
and Diana E. Litmanovich
Chapter 180 Severe Upper Airway Infections 1772
William W. Wong, Stephen J. Krinzman, Evan W. Jones, and Richard S. Irwin
Chapter 181 Acute Infectious Pneumonia 1786
Girish B. Nair and Michael S. Niederman
Chapter 182 Interventional Pulmonary in the Intensive Care Unit 1814
Chris S. Yan, Rahul N. Sood, Andres F. Sosa, and Paulo J. Oliveira
Chapter 183 Sleep Issues in the Intensive Care Unit Setting 1828
Biren B. Kamdar, Erica B. Feldman, and Nancy A. Collop
Chapter 184 Disorders of Temperature Control, Part I: Hypothermia 1840
Marcia Kathryn Steiner, Hannah Murphy, and Richard S. Irwin
Chapter 185 Disorders of Temperature Control, Part II: Hyperthermia 1854
Marcia Kathryn Steiner, Hannah Murphy, and Richard S. Irwin
Section 17 CARDIOVASCULAR PROBLEMS AND CORONARY CARE
David A. Morrow and Akshay S. Desai
Chapter 186 Evolution of the Modern Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit 1867
Hannah F. Bensimhon and Jason N. Katz
Chapter 187 Unstable Angina/Non–ST- Segment Elevation Myocardial
Infarction, the Non–ST- Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes 1872
Nicholas A. Marston and Marc S. Sabatine
Chapter 188 ST- Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction 1886
Christopher B. Fordyce and David A. Morrow
Chapter 189 Mechanical Complications of Myocardial Infarction 1904
Mohamed A. Omer, Jacob C. Jentzer, and Emmanouil S. Brilakis
Chapter 190 Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure 1911
Zachary L. Cox and Jeffrey M. Testani
Chapter 191 Pharmacological Management of Shock and Hypotension 1924
Michael M. Givertz and James C. Fang
Chapter 192 Mechanical Circulatory Support for Cardiogenic Shock 1940
Ajar Kochar and Erin A. BohulaChapter 193 Valvular Heart Disease 1958
Yee- Ping Sun, Garrick C. Stewart and Patrick T. O’Gara
Chapter 194 Acute Aortic Syndromes 1976
Marc P. Bonaca and T. Brett Reece
Chapter 195 Management of the Cardiac Arrest Survivor 1994
Michael G. Silverman and Benjamin M. Scirica
Chapter 196 Management of Common Arrhythmias in the
Intensive Care Unit 2004
Thomas M. Tadros and William H. Sauer
Chapter 197 Management of Cardiac Devices in the ICU 2021
Melanie Maytin
Section 18 RENAL PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Pang-Yen Fan
Chapter 198 Metabolic Acidosis and Metabolic Alkalosis 2033
Jason M. Kurland and Ashfaq Balla
Chapter 199 Disorders of Plasma Sodium and Plasma Potassium 2044
Amar Pandit, Eric Lida and Kenneth Ralto
Chapter 200 Acute Kidney Injury in the Intensive Care Unit 2069
Konstantin Abramov and Jahan Montague
Chapter 201 Renal Replacement Therapy for the Critically Ill 2092
Matthew Niemi, Matthew Joseph Trainor, and Ari Nalbandian
Chapter 202 Ultrasonography for the Evaluation of the Urinary System 2106
Paul H. Mayo, Seth J. Koenig, Satya Allaparthi, K. C. Balaji, Philip J. Ayvazian,
and Craig M. Lilly
Chapter 203 Drug Dosing in Renal and Hepatic Failure: A Pharmacokinetic
Approach to the Critically Ill Patient 2109
Irene Li, Peter S. Golenia, Nicholas A. Servati, Mackenzie Piché, Neil P. Wallis,
and Renu Nathan
Section 19 GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE PROBLEMS IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
C. Prakash Gyawali
Chapter 204 Gastrointestinal Bleeding 2130
Surachai Amornsawadwattana, Michael C. Bennett, C. Prakash Gyawali,
and Chien- Huan Chen
Chapter 205 Stress Ulcer and Acid Peptic Disease 2138
Benjamin E. Cassell, Ami Y. Patel, C. Prakash Gyawali, and Amit Patel
Chapter 206 Nausea and Vomiting 2144
Angelica G. Nocerino, Md and Henry P. Parkman, Md
Chapter 207 Gastrointestinal Motility of the Critically Ill Patient 2153
Benjamin Rogers, Anthony J. Lembo, and C. Prakash Gyawali
Chapter 208 Hepatic Dysfunction and Liver Failure 2160
Avegail G. Flores and Mauricio Lisker- Melman
Chapter 209 Severe and Complicated Biliary Tract Disease 2171
Tarek Abou Hamdan and Riad AzarChapter 210 Acute Pancreatitis 2176
Ingrid B. Schwartz, Krunal Patel, Wahid Y. Wassef, and Rajesh N. Keswani
Chapter 211 Diarrhea and Constipation 2185
Daniela Guerrero Vinsard and Laura Harrell Raffals
Chapter 212 Fulminant Colitis and Toxic Megacolon 2193
Emanuelle A. Bellaguarda and Stephen B. Hanauer
Section 20 METABOLISM AND NUTRITION
Ulises Torres
Chapter 213 Nutritional Therapy in the Critically Ill Patient 2199
Ulises Torres
Chapter 214 Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition in the Intensive Care Unit 2204
Katherine L. Saunders and Ulises Torres
Chapter 215 Disease- Specific Nutr ition 2219
Paul J. Foster, Michelle Rightmyer, Jessica Lundberg, and Alexis P. Calloway
Appendix CALCULATIONS COMMONLY USED IN CRITICAL CARE 2231
Joseph J. Frassica
Index I-1